They were a solenoid-engaged unit for the most part (some early ones were vacuum or similar) and operated more or less automatically once the control cable freed them to do so. This is all without mentioning the Borg-Warner overdrive, the style of which I don't think was unique to B-W, but they made many millions of them. The 2009 Mustang has an overdrive fifth gear. I guess that is talking about internal gearing rather than an external overdrive unit.
LAYCOCK OVERDRIVE SOLENOID SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM PLUS
My 2008 Mustang has a "four-speed plus overdrive" transmission. I had (have) overdrive on my 1967 MG BGT, and it really spoiled me for when I got a 1967 Tourer, without. Harry Codianne told about racing the BN-2s at Sebring, and wiring the overdrive to a momentary foot-operated switch: foot on, overdrive foot off, straight drive. I actually did run through the eight speeds forward a time or two, but with a five-miles-per-hour top speed in first, it really didn't merit frequent use. I connected a stiff piece of electrical wire to the overdrive lever, drilled a hole in the trans cover, put a slice of bicycle inner tube on the cockpit end which slipped over a dash knob to hold it in overdrive. Plus, when I got it, it had no wiring for the overdrive, or even a solenoid. I removed the plate that blocked shifting into the stump-puller first gear, to give it four forward, plus. In contrast, I had a 1955 (BN-1) Austin-Healey with three-plus-overdrive in a reversed (to me) pattern.
My TR3 had seven!By the time the TR7 was on the market, five-speed gearboxes were the solution to lowering cruising revs.
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